小麦根腐病菌索氏平脐蠕孢SYBR Green I实时荧光定量PCR检测技术研究

由索氏平脐蠕孢Bipolaris sorokiniana引起的小麦根腐病,常和其他土传真菌病害混合发生,传统的症状鉴别方法很难区分,导致病害防控难度增加。为建立病菌实时荧光定量检测体系,根据ITS序列设计引物,筛选出1对特异性引物BS‐F/R,扩增片段大小为280bp。以菌丝DNA为标准品构建实时荧光定量标准曲线,并对其灵敏度、特异性、可重复性进行评价。结果表明,建立的实时荧光定量PCR检测方法速度快,灵敏度高,特异性强,重复性好。构建的荧光定量PCR标准曲线循环阈值与模板浓度呈良好的线性关系,溶解曲线的吸收峰单一,扩增效率良好。利用该定量检测体系,可以检测出田间小麦样品中52.8fg/μL的病菌DNA。     

Bio-Inspired Electromagnetic Protection Based on Neural Information Processing

Electronic systems are vulnerable in electromagnetic interference environment. Although many solutions are adopted to solve this problem, for example shielding, filtering and grounding, noise is still introduced into the circuit inevitably. What impresses us is the biological nervous system with a vital property of robustness in noisy environment. Some mechanisms, such as neuron population coding, degeneracy and parallel distributed processing, are believed to partly explain how the nervous system counters the noise and component failure. This paper proposes a novel concept of bio-inspired electromagnetic protec- tion making reference to the characteristic of neural information processing. A bionic model is presented here to mimic neuron populations to transform the input signal into neural pulse signal. In the proposed model, neuron provides a dynamic feedback to the adjacent one according to the concept of synaptic plasticity. A simple neural circuitry is designed to verify the rationality of the bio-inspired model for electromagnetic protection. The experiment results display that bio-inspired electromagnetic pro- tection model has more power to counter the interference and component failure.     

基于三轴加速度传感器的跌倒检测研究

本文基于MMA7260QT加速度传感器获取的人体运动加速度信号,采用人体加速度向量幅值(SVM)和人体加速度向量区域值(SMA)描述了老年人的运动状态,检测人体跌倒,具有良好的准确性和实时性。采用bior3.3小波分析,在轮廓的基础上,最大程度上保留了细节,有效的去除噪声对特征量的干扰。本文提出了人体跌倒检测算法,大大降低了误判率和漏判率。首先,检测人体SVM是否超过阈值进行第一级跌倒检测,区别出人体日常活动(ADL)和跌倒;其次在此基础上,检测第一级各个跌倒的SMA值,是否超过阈值,判断跌倒和疑似跌倒。当两次判断都检测到跌倒发生时,报警。     

甲胎蛋白异质体分离方法的优化

目的:优化现有的甲胎蛋白异质体(AFP-L3)分离和检测方法,找到一个最有效的AFP-L3的提取方法,为今后的AFP-L3研究奠定前期基础。方法:应用北京热景生物技术公司的甲胎蛋白异质体(AFP-L3)亲和吸附离心管,通过改变亲和介质使用量和洗脱液体积的配伍梯度变化来优化实验流程,排除提取AFP-L3的影响因素,分离血清中的AFP-L3,并用罗氏公司的甲胎蛋白检测试剂盒检测分离的效果。结果:发现在不改变亲和介质体积的情况下,随着洗脱液体积的减少AFP-L3回收浓度逐渐增加,且在75 ul洗脱液时能够获得最高AFP-L3回收浓度。结论:成功地优化了北京热景生物技术公司的甲胎蛋白异质体(AFP-L3)亲和吸附离心管及其配套试剂的使用方法。     

脉搏灌注指数变异在围手术期容量治疗监测中的应用

脉搏灌注指数变异(plethysmographic variability index,PVI)是动态的容量监测指标,作为新一代脉搏氧饱和度仪的测量参数,通过脉搏波形分析技术可以进行连续瞬时监测。PVI可准确地指导液体复苏,维持最佳前负荷,防止有效循环血容量不足导致的低灌注和血容量过多导致的组织水肿,有利于更好的平衡液体管理,是一种简便、有效的实时监测手段。与传统静态的血流动力学参数相比,PVI能准确无创的预测容量治疗反应,因而在优化心输出量和便捷临床应用方面更有优势。然而,PVI受多种因素影响且不能用于自主呼吸和心律失常的患者,因此临床应用时应该综合考虑其影响因素,结合其他方法指导容量治疗。     

内蒙古地区临床危重患者三种常见感染细菌耐药基因的检测及耐药性分析

目的:探讨内蒙古地区临床危重患者常见感染细菌耐药基因的检测及耐药性相关因素,以便临床合理运用抗菌药物,为病原菌感染的预防和控制提供依据。方法:选取2010年1月至2013年1月在我院重症监护室治疗的病例中检测出的215株细菌为研究对象,运用相关的检测手段分析细菌的耐药性和耐药基因情况。结果:经过临床的检测后得出大肠埃希菌、肺炎克雷伯菌、鲍氏不动杆菌分别为85株、55株和75株,其中产ESBLs大肠埃希菌54株,非产ESBLs大肠埃希菌31株;产ESBLs肺炎克雷伯菌15株,非产ESBLs肺炎克雷伯菌40株。大肠埃希菌、肺炎克雷伯菌、鲍氏不动杆菌对美罗培南、亚胺培南的敏感性最高,且在产与非产ESBLs菌株耐药上比较有差异性(P0.05);产与非产ESBLs菌株耐药基因检测方面比较无明显差异性(P0.05)。结论:大肠埃希菌、肺炎克雷伯菌、鲍氏不动杆菌均存在多重耐药情况,且耐药与喹诺酮耐药机制有一定的相关性。     

糖化血清白蛋白检测对2型糖尿病患者短期血糖控制的疗效评价(英文)

目的:探讨糖化血清白蛋白(glycate dalbumin,GA)作为反映近期(2周内)血糖控制总体水平的指标在糖尿病人群中的临床应用价值。方法:选取2010年6月-2013年7月间深圳市福田区中医院住院的2型糖尿病(T2DM)患者323例,测定空腹血糖(FPG)、餐后2小时血糖(2hPG)、1日指尖血糖谱均值(MBG)、GA、糖化血红蛋白(HbAlc)等,并对其中92例住院近2周的患者分别在入院后6天及12天复查上述指标。结果:GA与HbAlc(r=0.791),FPG(r=0.541),2hPG(r=0.456),MBG(r=0.401),均呈正相关(P均0.01);患者入院6天检测GA为(27.1±5.45)%,入院12天为(22.77±4.34)%,均显著低于入院第一天的(30.31±6.75)%(P0.01);入院6天和12天,患者的GA较入院时分别下降3.12%和7.54%(P0.01);HbAlC分别下降0.31%和0.78%,GA下降降幅显著大于HbAlc(P0.01)。结论:GA可及时、准确的反映短期(1~2周)平均血糖的变化情况,并与长期血糖控制的金标准HbAlC有良好的相关性,是监测糖尿病患者血糖控制的良好指标。     

消毒供应室医疗器械的清洗与质量检测

目的:探究消毒供应室在医疗器械方面清洗和质量的检测方法。方法:选取2012年9月-2014年1月消毒供应室医疗器械的清洗资料给予分析。结果:供应室在医疗器械的清洗方面存在折一定的问题和隐患,分别采取良好的清洁措施和严格的质量检测,促进合格率的提高。结论:消毒供应室为医院重要的基础部门,清洗和消毒质量会对医院的感染情况有直接影响,因此必须要加强对清洗力度和质量的检查,减少院内感染。     

生物工程专业课程群的改革探索

在对本校生物工程专业人才培养过程中发现的问题入手,对专业课程群建设的现状进行分析,对于优化课程体系以及相关教学内容的有效衔接、强化学生工程实践能力培养等方面提出了相应的改革思路,以期提高本专业的办学水平。     

From deception to frankness： Benefits of ontogenetic shift in the anti-predator strategy of alder moth Acronicta alni larvae

Animals can avoid predation by masquerading as objects that are not food to their predators. Alder moth Acronicta alni larvae go through an impressive ontogenetic change from masquerade to highly conspicuous appearance： early larval stages resemble bird droppings but in the last instar the larval coloration changes into striking yellow-and-black stripes. We hypothe- sized that such a change may be driven by differential predation favoring dissimilar anti-predator strategies in different life stages We show with a series of laboratory assays that larvae are distasteful to birds regardless of their developmental stage, suggesting that ontogenetic color change is not driven by the differential chemical defense. Birds showed higher variance in hesitation to- ward conspicuous prey; some individuals hesitated long time before attacking whereas all birds attacked instantly masqueraded prey. We also found that the activity level of the larvae increased with age, which fits to the fact that larvae need to move from foliage to pupation sites. In the field by using artificial larvae resembling the two life-history stages we found predation risk to vary during the season： In early summer larger yellow-and-black larvae were attacked most, whereas later in the summer small ＇bird-dropping-larvae＇ suffered the highest predation. We conclude that the ontogenetic switch from masquerading to aposema- tism is adaptive most likely because actively moving prey cannot mimic immotile objects and thus, aposematism during the ac- tive and vulnerable period when larvae are searching for pupation sites becomes beneficial